Which budget type includes items expected to last more than one year?

• A. Capital
• B. Performance
• C. Line-item
• D. Program

Answer: (A)

The main idea here is how budgets handle the lifespan of what they fund. The capital budget is used for items that provide benefits over multiple years, typically more than one fiscal year. It covers the purchase or construction of long‑term assets like buildings, fire stations, major vehicles, and other sizable equipment, plus related costs such as improvements, financing, and eventual replacement planning. Because these assets span many years, the capital budget focuses on lifecycle planning rather than just annual expenses.

In contrast, line‑item budgets break costs down by object category (salaries, fuel, supplies) for the year and focus on operating needs. Performance budgets emphasize achieving specific results or outcomes, and program budgets organize spending around particular programs or activities. Those approaches don’t specifically address long‑term assets, which is why capital is the best fit for items that last more than one year.